This study reviews existing research on sustainable finance, green finance, ESG, green accounting, and carbon accounting by comparing Indian and foreign studies. It is based on secondary data collected from published research articles, journals, books, reports, and government publications. The study understand the current trends, research methods, major findings, and research gaps in sustainable finance. The findings show that sustainable finance plays an important role in protecting the environment, improving corporate transparency, supporting responsible investment, and promoting sustainable economic growth. Indian studies mainly focus on government policies, green finance initiatives, and ESG implementation, while foreign studies use more advanced research methods and focus on global trends, sustainable banking, climate finance, and carbon accounting. However, both Indian and foreign studies highlight challenges such as greenwashing, lack of standard reporting standards, limited awareness, and regulatory issues. The review concludes that more integrated and empirical research is needed to better understand the long-term impact of sustainable finance on business and the environment.